Boot stuck on Network Service and Create Volatile Files

[dmos]

After running a system upgrade on my chromebook, it gets stuck during startup on tasks: "Starting Network Service" and "Create Volatile Files and Directories". The Create Volatile Files and Directories task has "no [time] limit", while the Start Network Service task seems to have a limit, but both of them just loop for at least ~20 minutes, which is the limit of my patience.

Here is the journalctl log for a single boot attempt that runs for about 20 minutes: https://termbin.com/8opv

I can't decypher what the problem is. I deleted the contents of `/tmp`, hoping that the Volatile Files task was looping because of numerous small files, but that didn't help.