For some reason, Linux on ARM doesn't bring up the display as early as on x86, so if there is a kernel issue early on, you're screwed. If your device as a serial or usb-to-serial port, you can try connecting from a PC/laptop to it. This would typically be a micro-usb port on the ARM device. You then run an app like minicom ( which you may have to configure ) to get a console that actually displays messages. The following instructions worked for me, but this is for my exact device:
https://wiki.solid-run.com/doku.php?id=products:imx6:microsom:usbuartSince you're running on a chromebook ... I don't know that this will be useful, but there *might* be a way to bring up console connection. Good luck